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Individual Interviews 个人é¢è°ˆ
•Best method to understand how people interpret their world, describe their experiences, their values
是ç†è§£äººä»¬çš„世界，æ述他们的ç»éªŒå’Œä»·å€¼è§‚的最好的方法
•Two types两ç§ç±»åž‹
–Structured – questions are set in advance 有组织的 – 问题æå‰å‡†å¤‡å¥½
–Unstructured – general topic but questions evolve in response to information provided by respondent; for example, critical incident technique – with initial questions – “Can you think of an experience in which you found library materials very useful in meeting your needs?†OR “Can you think of a time where you were very dissatisfied with library services?â€
æ— ç»„ç»‡çš„ – 一般è¯é¢˜å¼€å§‹ï¼Œä½†é—®é¢˜éšç€å—访人的回ç”而å‘展。例如，关键事件技术 – 开始的问题å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ – â€œä½ èƒ½æƒ³åˆ°å›¾ä¹¦é¦†èµ„æ–™æ»¡è¶³ä½ éœ€è¦çš„一个例åå—？†或 â€œä½ æœ‰è¿‡å¯¹å›¾ä¹¦é¦†æœåŠ¡å¾ˆä¸æ»¡æ„的时候å—?â€
Data Analysis Steps for Analyzing Interview Data 分æžé¢è°ˆæ•°æ®çš„æ¥éª¤
1.Look for patterns and themes related to the assessment topic in the interview material
从é¢è°ˆææ–™ä¸å¯»æ‰¾ä¸Žè¯„估内容有关的模å¼å’Œä¸»é¢˜
2.Develop broad coding categories 拟出大体的类别
3.Organize data by categories 按类别组织数æ®
4.Review data, revise and refine broad categories, breaking into more specific subcategories
æµè§ˆæ•°æ®ï¼Œä¿®æ”¹è°ƒæ•´ç±»åˆ«ï¼Œå¹¶ç»†åŒ–æˆè¯¦ç»†çš„åç±»
5.Complete coding of data 完æˆæ•°æ®ç¼–ç
6.Have colleagues or assessment group independently code at least some of the data
请åŒäº‹æˆ–评估组æˆå‘˜ç‹¬ç«‹ç¼–ç 至少一部分数æ®
7.Review for consistency of coding between individuals
检查ä¸åŒäººçš„ç¼–ç 的一致性
8.Revise coding based on results of review 按检查结果修改编ç
9.Draft copies of report for colleagues or assessment group to review
èµ·è‰æŠ¥å‘Šç»™åŒäº‹æˆ–评估组æˆå‘˜çœ‹
Individual Interviews Advantages 个人é¢è°ˆæ–¹æ³•çš„优点 •Richer source of information than survey or observational data 比调查或观察法有更多信æ¯æ¥æº
•Useful in assisting in interpreting survey or observational results 对解释调查或观察结果有帮助
•Valuable before survey/observational studies to design questionnaires 在设计调查问å·ä¹‹å‰å’Œè¿›è¡Œè§‚察法之å‰é¢‡æœ‰ä»·å€¼
•Valuable to interpret data more in depth after survey or observational studies have been completed
在问å·è°ƒæŸ¥å’Œè§‚察法之åŽå¯¹æ•°æ®ä½œæ›´æ·±å±‚解释有价值
Individual Interviews Disadvantages 个人é¢è°ˆæ–¹æ³•çš„缺点
•Requires more time than surveys and usually than observational studies 相对调查法或观察法è¦æ±‚更多时间
•More expensive in terms of cost æˆæœ¬è¾ƒé«˜
•Not cost effective for collecting information on opinions and attitudes of large groups of people
收集大群人的æ€åº¦å’Œæ„è§ä¿¡æ¯æˆæœ¬æ•ˆç›Šä½Ž
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