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Observation 观察
•Collects information on processes as they occur in real life; looks at what people actually do – how they behave in a certain situation
•收集实际生活ä¸å‘生的事件信æ¯; 观察人们的实际行为 – 他们在æŸäº›æƒ…况下如何行动
•Forms of Observation观察形å¼ï¼š
–Direct observation直接观察
–Observers disguised as library users观察者伪装æˆå›¾ä¹¦é¦†ç”¨æˆ·
–Self-observation – diaries, daily journals, librarians keeping logs of activities自我观察 – 日记，图书馆员写活动日志
–Recording devices用录音录åƒç‰è®¾å¤‡
–Physical traces – sheets in books, table counts物ç†è·Ÿè¸ª – 书页，桌åæ•°
–Examination of existing data collected for another reason – online catalog transactions, administrative statistics检查为别的目的收集的数æ®â€“ 网上编目处ç†æ•°æ®ï¼Œç®¡ç†ç»Ÿè®¡
Observation Advantages 观察方法的优点
•Measures actual user behavior 测é‡å®žé™…用户行为
•Provides more in depth information about situational contexts than surveys
比调查方法æ供更多的关于事件å‘生情形的信æ¯
Observation Disadvantages 观察方法的缺点
•More likely to produce biased results if only one observer is present, or, if “subjects†are aware that they are being
studied 如果åªæœ‰ä¸€ä¸ªè§‚察者，或被观察者æ„è¯†åˆ°ä»–ä»¬è¢«åˆ«äººç ”ç©¶ï¼Œå®¹æ˜“äº§ç”Ÿæœ‰å结果。
•Does not provide direct information on people’s reasons for behavior – their opinions, perceptions, and attitudes
ä¸èƒ½æ供人们行为ç†ç”±çš„直接信æ¯â€”他们的æ„è§ï¼Œçœ‹æ³•å’Œæ€åº¦
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